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Mathematics & computational learning

The mathematics behind models, algorithms, and intelligent systems

Lessons that explain the mathematics used in real projects, from concept and equations to worked examples and implementation.

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  • LessonMathematics for AIIntermediate

    Dot products and cosine similarity

    Vector geometry, similarity, and its role in search and AI.

    A mathematics lesson connecting linear algebra to representation and relevance.

    Software Development & EngineeringAI & Machine Learning
  • LessonMathematics for AIBeginner

    Vectors and matrices: the basic language of many AI models

    From data representation and linear transforms to matrices inside model layers.

    A mathematics lesson connecting vectors and matrices to data representation and AI model layers.

    AI & Machine Learning
  • LessonMathematics for AIIntermediate

    Gradients, loss functions, and the path of learning

    From one-variable derivatives to multivariable gradients and gradient descent.

    A lesson connecting derivatives and gradients to loss functions and gradient-based learning.

    AI & Machine LearningModeling, Algorithms & Optimization
  • LessonMathematics for AIIntermediate

    Attention mathematically: why Q, K, and V?

    From matrix products and scores to softmax and weighted Value aggregation.

    A mathematical explanation of attention using Q, K, V, and the core equations.

    AI & Machine Learning
  • LessonMathematics for AIIntermediate

    Probability, likelihood, and Bayes

    Probability and inference foundations for statistical and machine-learning models.

    A mathematics lesson about uncertainty, likelihood, and Bayes in AI.

    AI & Machine LearningModeling, Algorithms & Optimization
  • Paper explainerMathematics for AIAdvanced

    Attention Is All You Need: reading the Transformer paper

    A guided explanation of the 2017 Transformer paper, from the sequence-transduction problem to scaled dot-product attention and the encoder-decoder architecture.

    A paper explainer that keeps the original source authoritative while unpacking its main ideas, equations, and engineering implications.

    AI & Machine LearningModeling, Algorithms & Optimization

Learning stays connected to real problems

This area is for conceptual, mathematical, and technical lessons, with real connections to projects, research, and solutions.